Printing-telegraph



(N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. V. ESSIOK.

PRINTINGITELEGRAPH. I No. 279,550. Patented June 19.1883.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

s. v. ESSIOK,

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 279,550. Patented June 19,1883.

I I I I L 1 JV VEJV T 0115 I 6 ulttzlrney I N. PEYERS. Pholo-Lithograpber. washings-1,110,

s. v; ESSIGK.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH. No. 279,550. C Patented June 19,1883

I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL V. ESSICK, OF ALLIANCE, .OHIO.

PRlNTlNG TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.279,550, dated June 19, 1883.

Application filed September 5, 1852.

(No model.)

cuit-breaking arm of the transmitter and the.

type-wheel of the receiver to be driven each by alever having two pawls which act upon opposite sides of ratchet-wheels, the two levers carrying the pawls, one of the transmitter and the other of the receiver, being actuated simultaneously, each by two pairs of magnets acting in unison, in. such manner that when the key of a certain letter of thetransmitter is touched or depressed a eircuit'brcaking arm of the transmitter is caused torevolve until it. reaches the lever of the key which was depressed to close the circuit, and actsthereonto break the circuit, stopping the rotation of the circuit-tweaking arm, and simultaneously therewith that of the type-wheel, which has moved in unison with said arm until the letter on the typewheel corresponding with that of the key depressed has been brought into position to be acted upon by the printing device.

It further relates to certain improvements in the means for receiving the message in page form, as hereinafter explained.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l'is a perspective view of the receiver of my improved printing-telegraph, with its local battery; and Fig. 2 is a similar view of the transmitter, wires being shown. connecting it with the receiver and line-battery. Fig. 3is aside elevation of the transmitter. Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 represent certain details of construction; and Figs. 10, 11, and 12 represent modifications, hereinafter explained. Fig.-13 is'a diagram showing the relation of the trans mitter and receiver and the wires connecting them with each other and with the line-battery, a metallic circuit being shown.

A represents the base-plate or support of the transmitter, made of any suitable I1011-C0llducting material and in any preferred form,

. plate A.

that shown being in circular or disk form, up-

on which, by means of suitable uprights, is

secured a plate, A, of similar material, pro vided with a central opening, and made by preference in annular form. To the outer and inner edges of this non-conducting ring are secured'two rings, B and B, both of conducting material, the former or outer ring, B, being provided on its upper face with an annular groove or with a series of pockets (indicated at b in the sectional view of said ring, Fig. 5) containing mercury. These pockets are provided above the mercury with non-conducting sleeves or thimbles b, which serve to guide the movements of the pins 0, of

conducting material, provided at their upper ends with keys (7, representin and corresponding with the letters and other characters formed 011 the printing or type wheel of the receiver, hereinafter described. These pins or their keys are secured to levers (7, pivoted in short posts G on the plate or table A, and extend at their innerends within reach of a rotating circuit-breaking arm, c,secured to a central vertical shaft, E. The shaft E is'stepped in a block, (I, secured to the base-plate A, and has a bearing at its upper end in an adjusting screw, (1, supported in a yoke or angular bracket, D, attached to the upper face of the The shaft E is by preferenceprovided with conical bearings, as shown, the screw (1 serving to regulate the adjustment of the shaft in and to compensate for wear of said bearings. The pins 0 are each connected by a wire or other suitable conductor with the inner ring, 3, in such manner that when any key is depressed, moving its pin into the mercury in the outer ring, B, said ring will be connected with. the inner ring, B.

The shaft E is provided with acog or ratchet wheel, E, similar in form to that shown at E, Fig. 6, and with which pawls g g on a vibrat- 'ing lever,F, engage for impartinga rotary movement to the shaft E and its arm 0. This lever F is made of metal, in T shape, (shown in Fig. 4, and similar to that shown at F in Figs. 1 and 6,) and at itsj uncti on with the cross-head or arms is connected with an upright pivot or shaft, f which, like shaft E, has by preference conical bearingsin plates secured to the frameplates A and A. Thelever F, near its swinging end, is expanded in width at f, and provided with atransverse slot, through which the shaft E passes, the slot permitting the vibration of the lever relatively to the shaft, the

they act alternatelythereon, one in the move ment of the lever in one direction and the 7 other in the movementof said lever in the opposite direction. The pawls'are held engaged with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel by any suitable arrangement of spring which allows one pawl to back when the wheel is being acted upon by the opposite pawl. By this arrangement of the pawls, the wheel is rotated always in the same direeti on, (indicated by the arrow 1, Fig. jwhiehever the direction of movement of the lever F. In the transmitter, under the arrangement shown, the shaft f is ver tical, and the lever F and its arms F F vibrate in a horizontal plane, the arms F F" moving alternately into and out of contact with two platinum spring-points, l1 71, secured in me tallic posts, either pendent from the ring A or standing up from the base-plate A, as preferred, and the springs, of platinum or other conducting material, are so arranged that as one arm, F, moves out of contact with one of the springs h the arm F moves into cont-act with the spring 71, and vice versa.

The lever F, near the eenterof its length, is provided with. a transverse bar or arm, I, of conducting material, provided at its ends with armatures i i, to two magnets or pairs of magnets, G and G, arranged on opposite sides of the lever in suitable supports attached to the base-plate A. The magnets are made double, or in horseshoe form, the arms of one being surrounded with coils H and of the other by coils H, the coils H being connected with the spring-arm h and the coils H with the spring 71, and both coils with the ring B, and the lever F is connected by a conducting-wire, through a suitable bindingpost, with the line-battery, (indicated at L B.)

The circuit-breaking arm a is provided at its outer end with an arm, 0, ca1n-sl1a )ed on its lower face, which, when it reaches the inner end of the lever of any key which has been depressed, rides up on and serves to depress said inner end, lifting the outer end of the lever and raising the pin of said lever and key out of the mercury-cup, thereby breaking the connection between the pin. and the ring B. The ringB is connected byasuitableconductor with a binding-post on the base-plate A, and thence by linewire with the receiver.

A represents the base-plate or support of the receiver, made, like that of the transmitter, of insulating or non-conducting material, upon which is secured the frame-work of the reeeiver, made by preferencein the form of two upright parallel arches, A A, connected by suitable cross bars or rods, as shown. In the upper part of this frame two horizontal parallel.

bars, J J, are secured, forming a track or way,

on which is mounted a reciprocating frame, K, carrying the paper upon which the message is to be printed. Tlhisframe is composed by two parallel side bars, 7; 7.", crossing and resting upon the bars J J, and connected by a suitable rod or bar, If", and the shafts of two rollers, K K, between which the paper is fed in giving the message page form, the lateral movement of the frame K on the ways J J" serving to form. the lines. i

In suitable bearings, either in the framepieces A and A or in the bars J J supported thereby, is mounted a horizontal shaft, 1, arranged at right angles to said bars, and provided with a typewheel, L, located in close proximity with the feeding-rollers of the paper-carrier on the side adjacent to the rod The shaft 1 on the opposite side of the feedrollers from the type-wheel is provided with a spur or ratchet wheel, E", similar in construction to E, above referred to, and operated by pawls pivoted on opposite sides of the wheel to an armature-lever, F, also similar in all respects, except in position, to the lever F ofthe transmitter above described, and provided with detents which, in connection with the pawls, act upon the spur-wheel E in the same manner as the correspondin pawls and detents oflever F, above described, act upon the wheel E. The lever F of the receiver has a horizontal shaft or pivot, and, being upright and vibrating with its arms in a vertical. instead of in a horizontal plane, I prefer to provide the ends of the arms F and F", COTl'GSPOlltllllfg to arms F" F of lever F, with pendent pins or spurs 71 71, which dip alternately, as the lever F vibrates on its pivot, into metallic cups in 112, containing mercury, and provided with guiding insulating-thimbles similar to those of the ring B of the transmitter. Thelever F is provided with a transverse bar, 1, having two armatures, i 13, acted upon alternately by magnets G and G", similarto those of the transmitter, and provided with coils in pairs H H, the former, H being connected with the cup on, and the latter, H, with the cup in, and thence alternately through the pins 71 I1 and the vibrating arms of the lever F with the latter, to which the line-wire is connected, as shown. The coils are connected, also, with a common binding post, either directly or through a split connection, as shown, and thence by ground or by metallic connection, as shown, with the line-battery.

Between the barsJ J isloeated an U shaped printing-lever, P, arranged upon its side, with its upper horizontal arm, j), elongated and overhanging the type-wheel L, and provided with an angular foot or projection, 7), forming the hammer for forcing the paper down upon the type-wheel and taking the impression. The short lower arm, p", of this printing-lever is pivoted near the center of its length in the frame A A ,-and is provided at its end with an armature overhanging and acted upon by a magnet, Q, secured to thebase-plate A and provided with coils Q Qt, the wire of which is connected, one end with a local battery (in dicated at L B) and the. other with a vibrating conducting-lever, R, provided with a pin, 1, dipping into a metallic cup, m",containing mercury, and provided with an insulating guiding-thimble, similar to those in. cups m and m. and in the ring B, above described. This cup m" is connected with the other pole of the local. battery, as shown, andwhen the pin ris depressed into the mercury in the cup m it serves'to close the local circuit. The lever B is pivoted at one end in a bracket, R, secured to the base-plate A and at its opposite vibrating end is forked, as shown, the arms 1' i passing u'pon opposite sides of, but out of contact with, the lever F, and overhanging the horizontal arms of two bell-crank levers, S S, pivoted at their elbows in the frame-pieces. These levers S S are placed in reverse position's, with their horizontal arms parallel and side by side, underlying and in close proximity wit-h the arms. r I of the lever B, and their upright arms are provided with thin armatures s, one arranged ininductive proximity with the magnet surrounded by coils. H, and

the other in similar relation to the magnet of coils H", adapting them to be alternately acted upon by said magnets, (see Figs. 1,'7, and 8,) and when thus acted upon to lift the lever R, withdrawing the pin 1' from the mercuryin the cup m therel'iy breaking thelocal circuit and releasing the armature of the printing-lever P, which is provided with a spring, or so arranged or weighted relatively to its pivot as to cause its foot orhammer p, when said armature is released, to swing upward away from the type-wheel L.

The bars J J are providednear one end with bearingsior a horizontal shaft, 1, carrying a pulley or band wheel, T, upon which is wrapped a band, a, secured at one-end to the paper-carrier frame K. Upon this same shaft,

1, is secured a rat-chetwheel, T, the teeth of which are acted upon by an L-shaped pawl, r, pivoted at its elbow to the printing-lever P at or near the lowerelbow of the latter, (see Fig. 9,) the arrangement of the pawl relative to said wheel and lever being such that as the printing-lever is vibrated toact on the typewheel the pawl acts upon the ratchet-wheel, giving it a rotary movement the distance .of one tooth, carrying the pulley or band-wheel with it, the latter acting through the band it upon the frame K, and the paper carried therebyto move the latter onward the distance of one letter. A spring-pawl, 11, secured to one of the bars connecting the frame-pieces A and A, engages with the ratehet-wl'leel T, looking it against backward movement. The spring-pawl 1;, near its free or pawl end, passes through a loop or eye, 22*, or over a pin on the upright arm of the L-shaped pawl '0, in such manner that when said pawl is vibrated to ie lease the wheel T, for allowing the paper-can A rier to be retracted for beginning a new line, said spring-pawl will also be moved outward for releasing said wheel T. The printing-lever P, near the junction of its upper printingarm with its upright portion, is provided with a pendent pivoted arm or lever, 10, (see Fig. 9,) thelower end of which rests upon the horizontal arm of the L-shaped pawl '11, said lever u: be

ingheld in an inclined position, as shown,there by. As the frame K is moved forward to receive the final letter of the line, said frame, or an arm orprojeetion thereon, is brought into contact with the lever '10 and crowds its swinging end inward upon the horizontal arm of the pawl w, depressing it and throwing said pawl, and with it the spring-pawl 1/, out of engagement with the wheel T, releasing'the latter,

and with it the paper-carriage, when the latter is retracted by means of a weight, connected with said carriage by a cord running over a suitable sheave or pulley, as shown, or in any suitablemanner. ThewheelTisprovidedwith a cam or wiper, 1, which in the backward rotation of said wheel, just as the carriage K completes its backward throw, is brought into contact with an incline or cam.- projection on the adjacent side of lever 20, for moving the latter outward, releasing the pawl n therefrom, and adapting said pawl and the spring "n to again engage and act upon the wheel T, as before.

Figs. '10, ll, and 1.2 show modifications in the form of the printing lever and in the means for moving the paper-carrier. printing-lever, (indicated at 1?,) instead of being in the U form above described,consists only of the upper long arm thereof, pivoted at its heel end through ashaft having cone-bearings in adjusting-screws in the bars J and J, the armature being directly connected with said lever, with the magnet Q, arranged, as shown, to act thereon. The paperrarrier frame has a horizontal bar, T", suspended underneath it by pendent lugs, said bar projecting laterally underneath the printing-lever P, and being provided onits upper face, at its outer end, with aratchet-toothml rack. A. pendent pawl, '0", pivoted to the printing-lever P near the center of its length, and inclining outward toward the pivotal end of said lever, engages with said rack, and as the printing-lever is vibrated downward thepaw], acting on the rack and papencarrier, moves them outward the distance of the length of one tooth of said rack equal to the space occupied by one letter. A hook-shaped pawl, t, pivoted to the shaft of the printi ng-l ever, drops into engagement with the rack and holds it when the printing-lever rises, backing the pawl n to take hold of an- In these the bar T is provided on its outer vertical side with laterally-proiecting pins 1: and '0", and the printing arm or lever P has a pendent arm, 1), attached to it, said parts being so arranged that as the raek-bar T is moved for causing the paper to receive the last letter of aline the pin '0 is brought into contact with the arm 1), and the outward movement of the bar T",with the bar T is stopped,and said bar T is caused,

.by means of its inclined slots, to ride upward on the pins 1" 1", and to lift the pawls v 1/ out of engagement with the rack-bar, permitting the latter and the paper-carriage to be re tracted for beginning a new line. Just as the paper-carriage is completing its backward movement the pin v" comes in contact with. the pendent arm 1)", and the movement of the bar T" relatively to the bar T is reversed, depressing the bar "1 and permitting the pawls v 0 to again engage the rack-bar T The shaft of one of the feedarollers K is provided with a ratchet-wheel, k, and a pawl, 00, pivoted to one end of a bar, w,which at its opposite end is pivoted to the outer face of and lies parallel with the bar k, and its free end rests and rides on the track-bar J, which, near its forward end, is provided on its upper edge with a short incline, 1 upon which said free end of the bar or lever x movesjust as the carrier-frame K is completing its backward movement preparatory to beginning a new line. This upward movement of the free end of the bar as lifts the pawl 00, and thus imparts a rotary movement the .distance of one tooth of wheel k" to the roller K, and, the paper being grasped and held by frictional contact between said roller and the roller K the latteris correspondingly moved, and the paper is thus fed forward the distance of one line. The lower roller, K-,- is held up in tjrictional contact with the roller K by means oi'springs, as indicated at a, Fig. 1..

The operation will be readily understood from theforegoing description, and may be described as follows: XV hen one of the keys of the transmitter is depressed into the mercury of its cup in. ring B, the line-circuit is com pleted and the current acts through the lGXGl'S F and F, and the opposing magnets acting alternately thereon, the latter are alternately magnetized and demagnetized, producing a rapid vibration of said levers, which, acting through their respective pawls and detents upon the wheels E and E", cause the latter to act in unison, one for rotating the circuitbreaking arm 0 of the transmitter and the other for rotating the type-wheel of the transmitter, in such manner that simultaneously with the action of the circuit-breaking arm on the lever of the key which was depressed in clos- I in g the circuit for breaking said circuit the letter on the type-wheel corresponding with that of said key is brought into position to be acted upon by the printing-lever, carrying with it the paper to receive the impression of said letter. Simultaneously with the closing of the line-circuit the magnets of the coils H and H",

as they are alternately magnetized and demag netized, act on the armatures of theLshaped levers S and S, causing thehorizontal arms of said levers to be alternately vibrated upward in rapid succession in such manner as to hold the lever R up with its pin out or the mercury in the cup m thereby breaking the circuit of the local battery and holding it open until the linecircuit is broken, a! above ex1: )lained,when the horizontal arms of levers S and S drop, allowing the lever B also to drop, depressing its pin 1' into the mercury of cup m and closing the local circuit sinmltaneously with the breaking of the line-circuit. The magnet Q, of the local circuit now acts on the armature of the printing-lever, causing the hammer of said lever to be drawn down on the type-wheel, the pawl 12, pivoted to the upwardly-vibrating loop portion of said lever, at the same instant act ing 011 the ratchet-wheel, and thence, through the connections described, on the paper-carrier, l'or moving the paper forward into posi tion to receive the impression of the letter presentedby the type-wheel. The line-circuit I is from the battery L B, by wire 1, .to lever F of the transmitter; thence through the commutator and the coils H and H, alternately, to ring B, through any key of the key-board that may be depressed and its wire to ring B; thence by line-wire 1. to the lever F- of the receiver, through its commutator and the coils H and H alternately, and the wires 1 and 1, as the case may be, to any suitable binding-post, and thence by ground or line wire 1 to the battery L B; and the local circuit of the receiver is from the local battery L B, wire 2, to the coils Q, Q thence, by wire 2, to pin 1' of the lever P, and thence through the cup m and wire 2" to the battery, as shown.

I do not wish to be restricted to the particular form of commutator or cut-ot't' described; but,

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new is 1. In a printing-telegraph, the combination, in the line-circuit, of the lever F, its actuat- -mg-magnets, and the circuit-breaking arm 6 of the transmitter, with the lever F and typewheel L of the receiver, operated in unison with the circuit-breaking arm, whereby, when the desi red letter of 'the type-wheel is presented to the printing-lever, said circuit-breaking arm is made to automatically break the circuit and stop the type-wheel in proper position to print the desired letter.

2. Th e combi n ation, in a printing-tel egraph, of a transmittinginstrument provided with keys for closing the line-circuit, and an arm for automatically breaking said circuit, magnets in the receiving-instrument, arranged in the line-circuit, for operating the type-wheel in unison with the circuit-breaking arm, and a local circuit for operating the printing-lever of the receiving-instrument automatically thrown into action by the breaking of the line-circuit.

3. In a printing-telegraph,the combination, in the line-circuit, of the levers F and F, one

IIO

of the transmitter and the other of the receiver,

- the actuating-magnets G and G of the transver on opposite sides of said wheel, for rotating the latter, the magnets (1} and G, for drawing said lever in opposite directions alternately, and a commutator, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. In atelegraph receiving-instrument, the combination of the lever F, with its pawls g and g, pivoted thereto on opposite sides of the ratchet-wheel E, the magnets G2 and G for drawing said lever in opposite directions alternately, the commutator for changing the current, the type-wheel L, and the printinglever P, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6, I11 a telegraphic receiving-instrument, the combination, with the lever B and the localcircuit-connecting devices 0' and m of the levers S and S, provided with armatures acted upon by magnets arranged in the line-circuit, for breaking the local circuit, substantially as described. I

7. The combination, in a telegraphic receiving-instrument, of the levers S and S, lever B, local-circuit-connecting devices a" and m magnet Q, printing-lever P, and type-wheel L, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the paper-carrier frame K, of the rack-bar or its equivalent, and the pawl connected with and operated by the pri nting-l ever, for moving said frame, substair tially as described.

9. The combination, with the paper-carrier K and the feedrollers K K carried thereby, of the ratchetwheel 7c", pawl 00, pivoted bar or lever 99, and cam or incline y, for actuating said rollers, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with the paper-carrier K and its feed-rollers, of the ratchet-wheel k pivoted bar or lever 00, pawl :11, incline 3 and weight k, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. a

11. In atelegraphic receiving-instrument, the combination of the lever F and its circuitconnecting devices, magnets G G armatures i '5, ratchet-wheel E and pawls g g, levers S,

.S, and R, and its lcoal-circuitconnecting devices, magnet Q, printing-lever I, carrying an armature to said magnet Q, and the type-wh eel L, substantially as described.

12. The combination, in a telegraphic transmitting-instrument, of the keys 0, correspond ing to the characters to be transmitted, and provided with circuit-closing devices, the le vers C, and the circuit-breaking arm 0, substantially as described.

13. In a printing-telegraph transmitter, the combination of the lever F with its pawls for actuating and detent for stopping the ratchetwheel E, magnets G and G, circuit-connecting devices 71 71/, keys 0, with their circuitforming devices and levers O, and the circuitbreaking arm 6, substantially as described.

14. In a printing-telegraph, the combination of the circuit-breaking arm 0 of the transmitter, the type-wheel L of the receiver, the lever F of the transmitter, and its actuating-magnets for operating said-circuit-breaking arm, and the lever F of the receiver and its actuate ing-magnets for operating said type-wheel, the two levers F and F being operated in unison and simultaneously by the line-current, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

15. I11 a telegraph transmitting-instrument, the, combination of the lever F, the ratchetwheel actuated thereby, the pawls pivoted to said lever on opposite sides of said wheel, for rotating the latter, the detents for arresting the rotation thereof, the magnets G and G, a commutator, and the circuit-breaking arm 6, arranged and operating substantially as described.

. Q I11 testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 28th day of August, A. D. 1882.

SAMUEL V. ESSICK.

lVitnesses SAMPLE F. NnwLoN, J. ALLs'PAUGH. 

